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last updated:9/2/03

Top 100 Military and Police Training Courses Offered to Latin American Students, 1999

The "top 100" most-taken courses in 1999 are presented below in the following format:

	Rank. Course Title
	Number of students Number 1 recipient - (number of students); Number 2 recipient - (number of students); Number 3 recipient - (number of students)
		"Course description, quoted verbatim from the Foreign Military Training Report." (Additional comments.)

This list comes from this project's analysis of the second annual U.S. government Foreign Military Training Report, a document Congress has required since 1999. The course descriptions, which are often vague and sometimes missing entirely, are quoted directly from the report itself.

(As of November 2000, the 2000 Foreign Military Training Report is available at the State Department website at <http://www.state.gov/www/global/arms/fmtrain/toc.html>. The texts of all course descriptions are located at the same site, at <http://www.state.gov/www/global/arms/fmtrain/purpose_a2b.html>.)

1. JCET
3,606 students Bolivia-1,690; Uruguay-532; Belize-343
	"An event primarily designed to benefit U.S. SOF METL/JMETL training." (This is the Joint Combined Exchange Training (JCET) program, which in 1999 sent U.S. Special Forces teams on 48 different deployments to Latin America. Visit this site's Special Forces page for more information.)

2. CDTS
2,924 students Colombia-1,548; Venezuela-507; Ecuador-353
	"(CD 016) Provide counternarcotic (CD) training to enhance HN operational CD capabilities - or to conduct counterdrug related training of foreign military and law enforcement personnel." (This category refers to U.S. counter-drug training, normally by Special Forces units. These deployments, which took place at least 56 times in 1999, are funded through the Defense Department budget under legal authority provided by Section 1004 of the 1991 National Defense Authorization Act.)

3. LDRSHIP PGM DIS. RESP.
697 students El Salvador-660; Ecuador-30; Dominican Republic-4
	"Course no longer offered. Contact Air Force Security Assistance Training Squadron for expired course descriptions."

4. MTT COMERC CTRL, INFRAS DEV
660 students Peru-360; Haiti-310; Antigua and Barbuda-90
	"This program assists nations in developing Maritime Commerce Control programs through the integration of the Waterways Management Strategy (WMS) Concept. This program is long term in nature with Coast Guard advisors/trainers providing an in-country continuous presence until the organization is established and self-sufficient. The instructors provide the full spectrum of courses to develop the infrastructure necessary to enforce the maritime laws and regulations desired by the host nation. The development process begins by first assessing the state of the host nation's maritime program, resources and the organization designated as the lead for this responsibility. After which, a joint training plan will be developed to meet the host nation's program goals. Ultimately, in-country teams assist the host organization carry out the developed training plan to the point of established self-sufficiency. Class Size:Determined by program goals. Materials:Required materials will be determined during assessment phase of this program." ("MTT" stands for Mobile Training Team.)

5. 3432 - USMC RIV. DEPLOYMENTS
389 students Peru
	Not listed. (This probably refers to U.S. Marine Corps deployments to Peru to teach river-based drug-interdiction skills. These are probably funded under the Defense Department's "Section 1033" riverine counterdrug assistance account.)

6. MTT MISCELLANEOUS OPNS
322 students Colombia-242; Venezuela-60; Grenada-20
	Not listed. ("MTT" stands for Mobile Training Team.)

7. MET DIILS CONTINUING EDUC
245 students Colombia-80; Ecuador-64; Honduras-54
	"After completion of the Introductory Executive Program, a country may request any amount of follow-on education from the Defense Institute of International Legal Studies (DIILS) under this MASL item number. Follow-on education may involve repeat presentations of the introductory seminar (without repeating phases I and II) or specialized training programs focusing on any military-related legal subjects. Examples of such specialized programs include: Domestic Military Operations Interoperability and Status of Forces Agreements, Advanced Law of the Sea, and united Nations Peace Operations. [Note: DIILS faculty members also present some specialized programs which have been assigned separate MASL numbers, including: Quality Force Management (MASL P309059), and Disciplined Military Operations Trainers Course (MASL P309054)." ("MET" stands for Mobile Education Team.)

8. MTT OTHER - USCG O/S
240 students Venezuela-90; Colombia, Ecuador - 60 each
	"Detailed requests for mobile training teams which do not have a specific MASL number assigned should include all available data on the organization, equipment and areas of interest of the respective agency/service." ("MTT" stands for Mobile Training Team.)

9. Argentina--USMC MTT
200 students Argentina
	Not listed. (The acronyms stand for United States Marine Corps Mobile Training Team.)

10. MET CIV-MILITARY RELATIONS
188 students Honduras-47; Suriname-44; Nicaragua-37
	"After completion of the Introductory Executive Program, a country may request any amount of follow-on education from the Defense Institute of International Legal Studies (DIILS) under this MASL item number. Follow-on education may involve repeat presentations of the introductory seminar (without repeating phases I and II) or specialized training programs focusing on any military-related legal subjects. Examples of such specialized programs include: Domestic Military Operations Interoperability and Status of Forces Agreements, Advanced Law of the Sea, and united Nations Peace Operations. [Note: DIILS faculty members also present some specialized programs which have been assigned separate MASL numbers, including: Quality Force Management (MASL P309059), and Disciplined Military Operations Trainers Course (MASL P309054)." ("MET" stands for Mobile Education Team.)

11. MTT DRMI - OVERSEAS
170 students Argentina-65; Honduras-50; Colombia-30
	"The Defense Resources Management Course is taught by mobile education teams from the Defense Resources Management Institute (DRMI) in Monterey, California. The primary focus is on resources management and analytical decision making. The curriculum is tailored to meet the specific needs of the host nation and is drawn from the three courses taught at DRMI." (The acronyms stand for United States Marine Corps Mobile Training Team.)

12. CHDS SEMINARS
152 students Argentina-12; Chile, Peru, Venezuela - 11 each
	"Enhance Latin American and Caribbean civilian capabilities in defense analysis, defense management, and military and security affairs. Encourage civilian and military collaboration in the above. Encourage regional dialogue on defense issues." ("CHDS" is the Defense Department's Center for Hemispheric Defense Studies, located at Fort McNair, Washington, DC.)

13. DRMI SEMINARS - OVERSEAS
150 students Bahamas, Guatemala, Guyana, Jamaica, and Trinidad-Tobago - 30 each
	"The Defense Resources Management Course is taught by mobile education teams from the Defense Resources Management Institute (DRMI) in Monterey, California. The primary focus is on resources management and analytical decision making. The curriculum is tailored to meet the specific needs of the host nation and is drawn from the three courses taught at DRMI."

14. CADET COMBINE ARMS ORIENT
143 students Chile
	"Students are given the opportunity to attend Airborne and Ranger demonstrations as well as participate in familiarization firings of U.S. combined arms weapons. Students will visit the Infantry Training Center and the National Infantry Museum." (This course is offered at the U.S. Army School of the Americas.)

15. MTT/TRAINING AIDS
123 students Colombia, Dominican Republic, Ecuador, El Salvador - 30 each
	"Not a valid course - MASL created for financial purposes only." ("MTT" stands for Mobile Training Team.)

16. MTT CG DEVELOP/NEED ASSESS
120 students Costa Rica-90; Colombia-30
	"The team can assist a country in achieving national maritime goals in non-defense areas within the U.S. Coast Guard's area of expertise. The team composition and length of deployment will be based on input from the host nation and U.S. Embassy officials. Should the host nation have a mission or issue that is covered by multiple U.S. agencies, which includes the U.S.C.G, the team leader will assist in acquisition of personnel from other U.S. agencies. The team will initiate a four phase process: 1) Review and refine the request/goals/issues that stimulated the assessment. 2) Examine the mission process including, but not limited to, site surveys, interviews with subject matter experts and program managers. 3) Develop an action plan to implement the recommended interventions. 4) Follow up deployments to facilitate & measure effectiveness of recommended interventions. In the case of training plan development, phase four will be accomplished by training teams. The scope of the request will impact the number of deployments required to complete phases one through four. A minimum of two team deployments are required for effective implementation of this module. Areas addressed by previous assessment teams have been: evaluation of maritime law enforcement programs, development of model ports relative to narcotics intervention, creation of an implementation plan for a multi-mission, multi-agency maritime service management model, and development of training plans for multi-agency marine safety and maritime law enforcement programs." ("MTT" stands for Mobile Training Team.)

16. MTT CURR INFUS PROG EIMET
120 students Dominican Republic, Mexico - 60 each
	"This course is designed for those nations setting up their own Boarding Officer School at an established training center or academy. Two instructors conduct an intensive curriculum review and assist the trainers in the establishment of a syllabus, honing instructional skills, setting and scheduling the course. Instructors will provide the latest information on MLE, training aids, and instructional expertise working with the dedicated trainers to improve the established program. Class Size: Maximum: 8 students Minimum: 3 students, Materials: The host nation will need to provide the following: � Classroom with desks and chairs of sufficient size for instructing, � Moored, unoccupied vessel (20-40 meters) at the site � Slide projector � TV/VCR (NSTC or multi-system format) � Chalk board or Magna-Slick board � Gymnasium or covered area suitable for defensive tactics, preferably with gym mats � Any previously written course curriculum � Administrative support for typing roster and graduation certificates" ("MTT" stands for Mobile Training Team. "EIMET" means that this course was funded through the Expanded International Military Education and Training program.)

16. MTT INTL PART/MARITIME EXC
120 students Trinidad-Tobago
	"The objective of this program is to partner with a country in achieving national maritime goals or in the development of a maritime organization with missions, responsibilities and/or organizational structure similar to the U.S. Coast Guard. The intended audience is senior-level civilian or military personnel in positions of authority that have decision making responsibility. This program may be recommended by U.S. personnel or requested by the host nation as a key component in a sequence of events that includes Coast Guard Assessments and/or Mobile Education and Training Teams. Specific objectives must be co-developed with the host nation, U.S. government representative (SAO, DAO, etc.), and Coast Guard International Affairs (G-CI) project officer. The itinerary may include briefings and visits to Coast Guard Headquarters, training commands, shore commands, air stations, vessels, and other units as well as other appropriate U.S. agencies. Subject areas that may be included in the program include enforcement of laws and treaties (counter-narcotics, fisheries, smuggling, alien interdiction); search and rescue; marine environmental response and protection; safety and security of marine transportation, ports, waterways and shore facilities; contingency and response planning; legal authority and jurisdiction; resource management to include budget formulation and workforce planning, training and retention; and national defense preparedness. Informational Program activities will be included in the overall program based on the itinerary." ("MTT" stands for Mobile Training Team.)

19. PA RIVERINE DEPL FOR TRNG
115 students Paraguay-75; Bolivia-40
	"Riverine Combined Arms Training PARACHUTE RIGGER Inspecting, packing, rigging, recovering, storing, and maintaining air item equipment."

20. INTERPRETER
109 students Colombia, Ecuador, El Salvador - 30 each
	"Course no longer offered. Contact Air Force Security Assistance Training Squadron for expired course descriptions."

21. HUMANITARIAN DEMINING
103 students Ecuador-41; Peru-39; Nicaragua-12
	"To train Inter-American Defense Board Humanitarian Demining (HD) supervisors in HD techniques." (See also "Demining in Central America" in this database.)

21. JOINT RIVERINE TRAINING TM
103 students Colombia-70; Venezuela-33
	"Training in Basic Riverine Warfare Skills: Small Craft Piloting, Rifle Marksmanship, Machine Gun Gunnery, Waterborne Law Enforcement, First Aid, Communications, Outboard Engine Mechanics, Land Navigation, Patrolling, and Physical Fitness."

23. MET DIILS INITIAL SEMINAR
98 students Venezuela-63; Nicaragua-35
	"Phase III is an executive program conducted (typically for the first time) in the host country by a military education team comprised of faculty members from the Defense Institute of International Legal Studies (DIILS). It is designed for a mixed group of senior military officers, civilian officials (including judges), legislators and staff, and leaders of non-governmental organizations. The curriculum is tailored to best meet the needs of the host country. A typical program will, nevertheless, include as subjects: the role of the military in a democracy, the law of war, rules of engagement, international legal constraints on military operations, internationally recognized human rights as a constraint on military operations, military justice, and civilian criminal justice systems. Phase III employs lectures by DIILS faculty, discussion groups, and case studies." ("MET" stands for Mobile Education Team.)

24. CL BILATERAL EXCHANGE 1-99
91 students Chile
	Not listed.

25. MTT OTHER - USCG CONUS
90 students Mexico, Panama, Peru - 30 each
	"This course number should be used when desired training is not specifically listed elsewhere in this Handbook. Training can be developed based on specific objectives as coordinated between the requestor and the USCG." (The acronyms stand for "Mobile Training Team Other - United States Coast Guard Continental United States".)

26. MET ACQUISITION PHASE III*
87 students Argentina-44; Colombia-43
	"Phase III is accomplished via MET or in CONUS. Topics included in the series cover all aspects of systems life-cycle management, including Program Management, Financial Management, Contracting, Logistics, Test & Evaluation, Systems Engineering, and Production & Quality Assurance. This curriculum provides a full range of courses to support the career goals and professional development of a country's acquisition workforce. Each course provides students with an understanding of the theory and skills required to perform effectively in their chosen career field. Designed for personnel involved in any aspect of the system acquisition process, each course if open to students from every career field." ("MET" stands for Mobile Education Team.)

27. SEC SPEC/GDS/LVLI/CERTIFY
82 students Mexico-60; Panama-10; Colombia-9
	"Course Objective - This course provides selected students from Latin American armed forces with the most current and necessary technical training in security and air base ground defense skills. Block I - Security Specialist (108 hours) - The students will learn the duties of a security policeman, the importance of guardmount (shift change), the importance of community relations, how to make crime prevention programs work, why integrity and ethics are important, weapons safety and the proper use of force. They will also learn how to identify vulnerabilities in security programs, how to challenge persons on foot and in vehicles, how to conduct individual, building, vehicle and area searches. The importance of advisement of rights (Napoleon Code vs. Common Law) is stressed. They will also learn how security operations and physical security safeguards are integrated to secure an installation. They will learn to operate Central Security Control, the importance of security reporting and alerting system, principles of alarm systems, sentry duties, the use of restricted area badges, the military working dog operations, convoy operations and the use of base grid maps in conjunction with securing major accidents and/or disaster areas. Along with written evaluations, students will be evaluated on all subjects in an established security training area. Block II - Support Weapons (33 hours) - This block covers organic weapons to the security police during peacetime and air base ground defense posture. The students will learn nomenclature, employment and deployment of the 81mm mortar, .50 caliber machine gun, M60 (7.62mm) machine gun, the 90mm recoilless rifle, the M72 light antitank weapon (LAW), and the M-16 (5.56mm) rifle. The students will learn how to prepare and use range cards, the traversing and elevation (T&E) mechanisms used with machine guns, what actions to take on fire control orders and immediate action drills. They will learn when and how to install claymore antipersonnel mines, throw hand grenades, launch slap flares and install trip flares. The objectives will be evaluated during the 4 1/2 week field camp. Block III - Air Base Ground Defense (256 hours) - The defenders will be taught the primary objectives of active air base ground defense in which they will learn to identify different threat levels, the organization of the ABGD force, measures and techniques used in the field to control and combat the enemy. The handling of prisoners of war, rules of engagement and law or armed conflict are covered in accordance with International Human Rights Agreements. In tactical communications and use of brevity codes, the students are shown how to install a tactical net and how to encode and decode messages. Other topics in this block include: personal and field hygiene, hand and arm signals, judging distances, camouflage, cover and concealment, observation and target identification techniques, illumination and nigh observation devices; tactical sentry duties, elementary obstacle crossings; movement with weapons and close quarter battle drill exercise. The students will also be taught how to select cross-country routes, formations and movements, what actions to take on enemy contact, introduction to night training and elementary night movement, routines in defense, patrolling and land navigation. The students will spend 4 1/2 weeks to accomplish the following: For three days and one night they will navigate and associate terrain by using a topographic map and compass in one of three established land navigation course. During the following two weeks, students will lean and apply skills critical to the defense of an air base. The skills will be evaluated through practical exercises throughout the two-week period. The last two weeks will consist of one week of patrolling where the students will go out on patrols, establish overnight patrol bases, conduct defensive ambushes and counter-ambushes, while applying land navigation techniques in defense of a simulated air base. The other culminates with a demanding five-day tactical field exercise, where the students will be evaluated on performance objectives taught throughout this course. They will be required to defend a simulated air base and defeat an aggressor force. Emphasis will be placed on deterring the aggressor force attacks through the use of the Multiple Integrated Laser Engagement System (MILES). Physical Conditioning - Because of the strict physical conditioning needed to complete course objectives, students will participate in rigorous daily physical training (2 hours daily), this includes warm-up exercises and a progressive run to achieve six miles (9.6 km). The exercises consist of pushups, sit-ups, jumping jacks, leg lifts, cherry pickers, trunk twists, crunches and at least a 3 mile (4.8 km) run in flight formation. Training is currently conducted in Spanish."

28. INSTRUCTOR TRAINING
75 students Mexico-20; Bolivia-12; Colombia-9
	"Two weeks of self-paced, performance oriented instruction on how to develop, prepare, present and evaluate instruction in a service school. Presented using audiovisual cassette and slide lessons. Final requirement, each student must successfully prepare and present a 5-minute, 20-minute and 50-minute class on selected subjects." (This course is offered at the U.S. Army School of the Americas.)

28. RULE LAW&DISCP MIL OPS FOT
75 students Mexico-34; Costa Rica, Peru - 13 each
	"Provides line officers of any military force with not only the basics of the rule of law and its impact on human rights, but also how these considerations fit into the planning and conduct of military operations."

30. PHYSL TNG (SPEC/REFRESHER)
67 students Colombia-50; Honduras-17
	"Teaches the physiological stresses and human factor implications of modern military aviation and prepares the flyer to meet these challenges." (This course is offered at the Inter-American Air Forces Academy.)

31. DISAM-MTT
60 students Colombia
	"Teaches Foreign Military Sales (FMS) policies and procedures to foreign governments." (The acronyms stand for "Defense Institute for Security Assistance Management - Mobile Training Team.")

31. ETSS - LOG FT
60 students Honduras
	"Extended Training Service Specialists - LOG FT" ("ETSS" stands for "Extended Training Service Specialist.")

31. ETSS - OTHER FT
60 students Ecuador
	Not listed. ("ETSS" stands for "Extended Training Service Specialist.")

31. MTT BOARDING OFF CN EIMET
60 students Belize, Trinidad-Tobago - 30 each
	"This five day course consists of three days of classroom instruction with two days of practical training and exercises. The course is tailored to the country's specific needs and previous training experience. Classroom subjects include international law, boarding preparation and procedures, use of force, detection of hidden compartments, narcotics identification, and officer interpersonal communication. Practical training includes high-risk search techniques, arrest procedures, and drug identification lab. Practical exercises are designed to reinforce classroom instruction by giving each student an opportunity to apply classroom theory in simulated boarding situations. Class Size: Maximum: 24 students Minimum: 16 students Materials:To be provided by the host country: � Classroom with desks and chairs of sufficient size for instructing � Moored, unoccupied vessel (20-40 meters) near the training site � Slide projector, Flip Chart easel � TV/VCR (NTSC or multi-system format) � Chalk board or Magna-Slick board � Gymnasium or covered area suitable for arrest procedures, preferably with gym mats � Small quantity of narcotic substance (i.e., marijuana, cocaine, heroine. Preferably the narcotic most likely to be found during a smuggling interdiction operation) for testing during labs � Administrative support for typing roster and graduation certificates." (The acronyms stand for "Military Training Team: Boarding Officer [Counternarcotics], funded by Expanded International Military Education and Training.")

31. MTT CG TRNG SURV-NON-EIMET
60 students Mexico, Venezuela - 30 each
	"The pre-training survey determines the respective country's needs and requirements for the MTT which will follow." (The acronyms stand for "Military Training Team: Coast Guard Training Survey - not funded by Expanded International Military Education and Training.")

31. MTT MARINE CORPS
60 students Bolivia
	"Provides mobile training assistance to train foreign personnel, normally in their own country, to meet specific training objectives in connection with the development of a country's capability." ("MTT" stands for Mobile Training Team.)

31. OJT COMM/ELECT TNG-OS
60 students St. Vincent and Grenadines, Trinidad-Tobago - 30 each
	"Usually precedes Signal enlisted courses as outlined in the following chart (Electronic Technology Training Course Map). Request should specify annexes desired, and should be listed under MASL ID 139901. The purpose of Electronic Technology Training (ETT) is to train enlisted personnel in the basic skills/knowledge required to become a proficient equipment maintainer. ETT is integrated into the mandatory training annex of each MOS POI. Annexes may be taken separately as required to fulfill the necessary training of the student."

31. SURVEY/*
60 students El Salvador
	"Not a valid course - MASL created for financial tracking only."

31. TAT - OTHER TAT
60 students El Salvador, Haiti - 30 each
	"Technical Assistance Training - Other TAT" (In this case, the acronym "TAT" probably does not refer to a "Tactical Analysis Team.")

31. WORK CENTER INSTRUCTOR
60 students Peru
	"To provide junior officers and senior enlisted personnel skills necessary to conduct formal training of subordinates in a "work center" on-the-job environment."

41. MET HUMAN RIGHTS TRAINER
54 students Suriname-29; Venezuela-25
	"Instructs host country rights instructors in how to develop a curriculum for Human Rights and Justice Systems and how to implement this training in their country. The end product of this course is the framework necessary to produce a curriculum that will be used in the host country by the host country trainers. This course is conducted in two segments, each one a week long. The first week concentrates on substantive subject matter such as rule of law, military justice, human rights and government/press relations. This is to ensure a uniform base of knowledge for all potential instructors. The second week then devotes time to methods of instruction and curriculum development. The student leaves with a well-rounded background in the material, specific modules of instruction, and the methods and skills to present the topics to his/her own military forces." ("MET" stands for Mobile Education Team.)

42. SPECIALIZED ENG LANG TNG
52 students Mexico-34; El Salvador-8; Colombia-4
	"This course is nine weeks in length and focuses on language/study skills and terminology associated with technical training and professional military education. It may be scheduled to start on any week. Students must achieve the required ECL or OPI (if applicable) for entry into the follow-on technical or professional course before entry into this course."

43. HOT SHIP XFER 82' LANT
45 students Dominican Republic-23; Panama-22
	"To provide the basic technical knowledge and skills required to prepare for the lower Petty Officer grades."

44. RESOURCE MANAGEMENT
44 students Mexico-11; Colombia, Costa Rica - 10 each
	"CRS-SP Designed to instruct personnel in resource management theory culminating with practical hands-on resource management wargames. Instruction in theory includes organization and systems for defense management, systems analysis, economic environment of defense management, resources available for defense, introduction to analytical decision making, economy and efficiency, production relation, cost output, statistics and regression analysis, and strategic planning."

45. CO GRADE OFF PROF DEV
39 students Costa Rica-10; Bolivia, Paraguay - 5 each
	"This course is designed to prepare Latin American Company Grade officers to better understand their individual responsibilities within the dynamics of leadership, officership, and force interoperability. In addition, the course broadens appreciation for key concepts regarding defense resource management, civilian control of the military, military and civilian armed forces interoperability, military justice, and human rights and dignity. Block I - Officership Values (46 hours) - Understanding USAF core values (service, integrity, patriotism, tenacity, competence, and courage) which are indispensable to the successful operation and subsequent employment of military forces. Lectures, seminars, and group interaction are methods employed to explore the concepts of officership values, analysis of leadership characteristics, and practical application of values. Block II - Applying Leadership Skills (48 hours) - Students apply new concepts and principles learned during course seminars, readings, and lectures to new situations. Leadership and decision-making scenarios and field campaigns are designed to maximize intensity of learning. A practical exercise will test the student ability to apply leadership principles in a simulated contingency situation. Block III - Executive and Management Skills (82 hours) - Students are shown the basic skills necessary to lead, supervise, and communicate. Focus is on team building, applying leadership principles in a one-to-one setting, and developing techniques for effective communication. Block IV - Air Power Employment (25 hours) - Students study history and doctrine, operations, and the future of air forces and air power. Air Power Doctrine and History traces development and use of airpower and how this relates to aerospace doctrine strategy. Operations focuses on command and control and combat support. Future Roles sets the stage for "critical thinking" regarding the application of air and space power in the next century. Training is currently conducted in Spanish. (EXPANDED IMET - Core Course)"

46. OFFICER TRAINING MGT
38 students Mexico-20; Colombia-5; Bolivia, Honduras - 4 each
	"Plan and execute unit and individual training; to serve as instructors; develop a training program and administer skills tests, and the application of military training techniques to develop wargames." (This course is offered at the U.S. Army School of the Americas.)

47. COMMAND AND GENERAL
36 students Dominican Republic-5; Peru-4; Colombia-3
	"STAFF Provides training in staff operations, management, tactics, logistics, strategic studies, joint and combined operations, security assistance, and internal defense. The electives program provides an opportunity for each student to increase his professional competence in any two of the following areas: internal defense and development; economics; management; strategic studies, and tactics. Includes a 3-week orientation tour of the United States during which the students visit major military installations, service schools, and Washington, D.C.. Academic content is oriented to university and post graduate level." (This course is offered at the U.S. Army School of the Americas.)

48. NCO PROFESSIONAL DEVLOPMNT
32 students Argentina-10; Bolivia, Costa Rica, Honduras - 6 each
	"Prepares Latin American (LATAM) Non-Commissioned Officers to better understand their responsibilities within the dynamics of leadership, followership, and force interoperability. Course will introduce and expand key concepts regarding defense resource management, civilian control of the military, civilian and military armed forces interoperability, military justice, and human rights and dignity. Training is currently conducted in Spanish. (EXPANDED IMET - Core Course)" (This course is offered at the U.S. Army School of the Americas.)

49. DEMOCRATIC SUSTAINMENT CRS
30 students Costa Rica-6; Bolivia, Dominican Republic, Venezuela - 4 each
	"This course explores the role of the military within a democratic and constitutionally derived civilian controlled government. Information and theoretical discussions are fully based upon the shared principles and cultures of this hemisphere. Instruction consists of governmental operations, legal/military law, historical foundations of regional democracy, and religious influences in both cultures. Instruction will be presented in a variety of formats to include student papers and oral reports, guest lectures, liaison visits with city and county leaders, political groups, and public administrators. Instruction is presented at the post baccalaureate level with university credit applied for from the southern association of colleges DENTAL ASST APR Provides training for personnel to accomplish duties and responsibilities required to assist in basic dental treatment procedures." (This course is offered at the U.S. Army School of the Americas.)

49. ETSS - OPNS FT
30 students Colombia
	"Extended Training Service Specialists -OPNS FT" ("ETSS" stands for "Extended Training Service Specialist.")

49. FACILITIES CTR DRUG MEXICO
30 students Mexico
	"This is an expansion of office spaces to support the Counterdrug functions of the USMLO Mexico City office."

49. MET HEALTH RM/NS SURVEY
30 students Colombia
	"Phase I is accomplished through data gathered from on-site observations, structured interviews and focus groups conducted by the IHRM team of military and civilian subject matter experts over a five day period. The usual target populations are those senior decision makers among the military medical administration and health care providers, government and private sector health care leaders, and non-governmental organizational officials. The IHRM team members will acquaint all parties with the process and goals of the program as well as work with the country's point of contact to identify the curriculum goals and participating organizations for Phase III and the delegates for Phase II." ("MET" stands for Mobile Education Team.)

49. MTT HAGAN TRNG SVY - CONTR
30 students Mexico
	"Contractor Training Survey for Hagan training for Mexico." ("MTT" stands for Mobile Training Team.)

49. MTT MAR ENVIRON SECUR SEM
30 students Ecuador
	"The first phas of this offering is in seminar format and is designed for Mid-Managers and Senior Managers. Phase One is a overview of the U.S. Coast Guard's Marine Safety and Environmental Protection Program. An assessment of the host nation's program is also conducted. The assessment is used to determine the host nation's specific training needs, as well as the best audience or agency to receive the training. A specific training program is then designed and delivered at a later date, or over a series of dates. During subsequent phases, a U.S. Coast Guard Training Team returns and delivers the customized program to the target audience. Covered topics include the following: - Waterfront Facility Designations and Inspections - Freight Vessel/Tank Vessel Navigation Safety and Pollution Prevention Examinations - Maritime Pollution Laws (MARPOL Annexes I through V) - Safety of Life at Sea (SOLAS) Conventions - International Maritime Dangerous Goods Code (IMDG) - International Hazard Classes - Cargo Stowage and Segregation - Freight Container Inspections - Maritime Occupational Safety and Health - Spill Containment/Recovery Devices and Techniques - Shoreline Cleanup Techniques and Damage Assessment - Contingency Planning - Incident Command System (ICS) Seminar Size: Maximum: 12 persons Minimum: 6 persone Class Size: Maximum: 24 students Minimum: 12 students Materials: Host nation will need to provide the following: � A large, well lighted classroom - Audio/Visual equipment to include white board, slide and overhead projector, VCR (NTSC) - Administrative support - Access to a commercial port facility (for a practical exercise) - Access to a commercial freight and tank vessel (for practical exercises) An empty 6 or 12 meter inter-modal freight container" ("MTT" stands for Mobile Training Team.)

49. MTT TRAINING AIDS-CNET
30 students Colombia
	"TRAINING SURVEY-PDR A pre-course site visit conducted by DRMI instructor in order to discuss and develop country-specific issues that will be dealt with in the DRMI MET curriculum." ("MTT" stands for Mobile Training Team.)

49. MTT-OTHER
30 students Honduras
	"Mobile Training Team - Other" ("MTT" stands for Mobile Training Team.)

57. CIVIL MILITARY OPERATIONS
29 students Costa Rica-6; Bolivia, Dominican Republic - 4 each
	"Prepares students to serve as civil-military oerations (CMO) officers. Military civic action; support to civil authority; civil defense; CMO support to counternarcotics activities and psychological operations. Includes various in-depth case studies which are used to enhance student awareness of effective CMO activities." (This course is offered at the U.S. Army School of the Americas.)

58. MEDICAL ASSISTANT
28 students Colombia-16; Peru-6; Bolivia-3
	"This course teaches tasks to military medical assistants." (This course is offered at the U.S. Army School of the Americas.)

58. OJT ADMIN
28 students Mexico-8; Argentina-7; Bolivia-6
	"Course Objective - This course trains an OJT specialist to plan an OJT program; how to administer training, how to evaluate training programs, how to prepare training directives, and how to document an OJT program. Block I - The Use of Computers in the OJT Program (30 hours) - Total Quality Management as related to OJT. The structure of the USAF OJT program. Responsibilities of the Supervisor, Trainer, and Trainee. Block II - How to Develop a Training Plan for OJT (45 hours) - A master task listing, determination of training needs, determination of training capability and resources, selection of training strategies, scheduling training, and the status of training. How to conduct training utilizing different training methods. Block III - How to Evaluate Training (45 hours) - How to write training objectives, performance tests, written tests, and test analysis are covered in this block. Training forms and their documentation: Students will design, develop, and create forms to be used in an OJT program. Training is currently conducted in Spanish"

60. COUNTERDRUG OPNS
27 students Bolivia-13; Colombia, Peru - 6 each
	"Provides comprehensive and specialized training in counternarcotics interdiction operations at the platoon and company level and emphasizes staff planning and effective execution against realistic targets and objectives. Includes instruction on discriminative marksmanship, close quarters battle, surveillance and targeting techniques, riverine operations, development of intelligence networks and preparation of the battlefield, physical fitness/combatives, explosive entry techniques, land navigation, communications, staff organization and planning, special infiltration and exfiltration techniques and patrolling operations. All instruction has been developed to enhance command and control in urban or rural environments." (This course is offered at the U.S. Army School of the Americas.)

61. SEARCH AND RESCUE
26 students Mexico-13; Ecuador-3; Argentina, Costa Rica, Peru, Venezuela - 2 each
	"Course Objective - This course is an introduction to SAR procedures and Rescue Coordination Center (RCC) operations. Course subjects include SAR organization, SAR requirements, RCC responsibilities, SAR facilities and communications, search planning, search patterns, search execution, ground SAR coordination, maritime search and rescue, Automated Mutual Assistance Rescue System (AMARS) and computerized search and rescue systems. Block I - The SAR System (36 hours) - Course orientation, course pre-test/critique, SAR system, organization and facilities, RCC organization, and site visit, communications and emergency signals, messages, medical attention, charts, alert and initial action phase, survival, and weather hazards. Block II - Planning and Searching in SAR (57 hours) - An introduction to the factors involved in a marine SAR incident. Includes the facilities that are available to the search planner and the mathematical process involved in calculating a marine SAR operation. Training is"

62. MTT-PERSONNEL, GENERAL
25 students Suriname
	"Mobile Training Team - Personnel, General" ("MTT" stands for Mobile Training Team.)

63. CDT LDR DEV LOG
24 students Honduras
	"Designed to introduce cadets to some basic combat skills and logistical support of combat operations. Students are given the opportunity to refine their land navigation and marksmanship skills to include qualification with the M16 rifle. During the specialization phase, conceptual training is provided in the areas of combat logistical support, supply procedures, maintenance operations, transportation and medical support. An introduction is also provided into psychological operations and the impact of narcotrafficking/terrorism on the Americas."

64. AVIONICS INSTRUMENT SYS
23 students Mexico-15; Bolivia-3; Colombia, Peru - 2 each
	"This course provides students with apprentice-level training in aircraft maintenance familiarization; electro-mechanical devices; direct reading, pressure, position and liquid quantity indicating systems; engine instruments systems; barometric flight instruments; integrated flight and miscellaneous instrument systems; compass and flight director systems; automatic flight control system (autopilot); and central air data computer system (CADC). Specialty Description - (a) Perform Preventive Maintenance on Mechanical/Avionics Instruments Systems - Troubleshoot, adjust, bench check, and perform operational checks on barometric flight instruments, engine and temperature instruments, pressure, position and liquid level indicating systems, integrated flight and navigational instruments, electronic compass systems, autopilot, central air data computer system and flight director system through proper use of technical order procedures. (b) Operation and Use of Test Equipment and Special Test Sets - Perform operational checks, calibrate and troubleshoot mechanical/avionics instruments and component parts using test equipment and special test sets such as vacuum/pressure operated barometers and manometers, electronic compass compensators, capacitance type fuel quantity testers, multimeters, tachometer and thermometer testers, attitude gyro testers, flight director system tester, dead weight, CADC, and auto synchro testers and fuel flowmeter test set. Swing and compensate magnetic and electronic compass systems. - Block I - Aircraft Maintenance Familiarization (24 hours) - Course orientation, ground safety and first aid, aircraft familiarization, technical order system, and aircraft inspection and maintenance system. Block II - Electro-Mechanical Devices (30 hours) - Use of multimeter, transformers, relays, motors and generators and synchros. Block III - Direct Pressure, Position and Liquid Level Indicating Systems (60 hours) - Manometers and barometers, bench check a direct reading pressure gage, calibrate a synchronous position indicating system, landing gear position system, bench check resistive liquid quantity indicating system components, and calibrate a capacitance liquid quantity indicating system. Block IV - Engine Instrument Systems (66 hours) - Synchronous pressure indicating systems, bench check fuel flow indicator, bench check components of tachometer indicating systems, perform checks on temperature indicating systems, and torque indicating systems. Block V - Barometric Flight Instruments (66 hours) - Perform leak check of Pitot-static systems, bench check barometric altimeter, bench check AIMS altimeter, bench check vertical velocity indicator, and bench check airspeed indicators. Block VI - Integrated Flight and Miscellaneous Flight Instruments (54 hours) - Accelerometer, angle of attack and stall warning systems, gyroscopic principles, bench check a bank and turn indicator, bench check attitude indicator, and remote attitude indicating system. Block VII - Compass and Flight Director Indicating Systems (60 hours) - Calibration of stand-by compass, perform operational check of electronic compass, attitude director indicator, horizontal situation indicator, and perform operational check of flight director system. Block VIII - Autopilot (24 hours) - Autopilot terminology, principles of operation, components interface, and perform operational check of the autopilot system. Block IX - Central Air Data Computer (CADC) (36 hours) - CADC terminology, principles of operation, and perform operational and bench checks of CADC. Training is currently conducted in Spanish." (This course is offered at the Inter-American Air Forces Academy.)

64. OJT 82' HOT SHIP TRANSFER
23 students Trinidad-Tobago-21; Dominican Republic, Panama - 1 each
	"The purpose of this on-the-job training (OJT) program is to provide practical, performance-based training on board a 82' vessel that has been identified for transfer to a nation. This OJT will usually be conducted by the departing crew on board the vessel to be conveyed. In some cases, formal course instruction may be required prior to acceptance of this OJT so that the student will be able to perform safely and effectively in the shipboard environment. However, please note that this OJT is for the purpose of 'transition' and is not intended to 'qualify' the student. The duration will vary based upon the experience level of the receiving crew, but is usually 1-3 weeks. All Coast Guard OJT is provided on an unclassified basis."

64. SPEC ENG TRNG (SET)
23 students Mexico-10; Dominican Republic, El Salvador - 4 each
	"Navy MASL used to program DLI ELT SET" (This appears to be a Specialized English Language Training course.)

67. CDT LDR DEV IN
21 students Colombia
	"Course is designed to introduce cadets to artillery basic combat skills. During the fire support phase of the training, students learn call for fire procedures, fire support planning, reconnaissance, selection and occupation of a position, aiming circle procedures, this course is designed to introduce cadets to infantry basic combat skills. Students learn basic light infantry squad operations, airmobile operations planning and how to conduct military operations in urban terrain. An introduction is also provided into land navigation, M16 rifle, M60 machine gun and law of land warfare." (This course is offered at the U.S. Army School of the Americas.)

68. ACFT ELECTRICAL REPAIR
20 students Mexico-13; Colombia, Honduras, Uruguay - 2 each
	"This course provides training in the fundamentals of electricity at the apprentice level to include inspection, operation, and troubleshooting techniques of aircraft electrical systems excluding communications, navigation, and armament systems. Specialty Description - (a) Electrical Systems - Remove and install components such as generators, voltage regulators, switches, relays, transformers, motors, and inverters on aircraft. Fabricate wiring assemblies and conduct detailed circuit tests using ohmmeters, voltmeters, ammeters, and frequency meter. Isolate malfunctions by visual inspection, electrical checks, and observing meter indications and system operation. (b) Inspect and Test Aircraft Electrical Systems - Inspect wiring, switches, accessories, and electrical components to insure correct operation and proper installation. Perform operational checks of electrical equipment for voltage input and output, voltage and current leakage, and correct circuit operation. Inspect electrical systems and components for malfunctions. Check installed electrical components and their systems to insure compliance with technical publications. Block I - Introduction and Electrical Fundamentals (65 hours) - Following a brief explanation of pertinent IAAFA policies and procedures, students will receive instruction on ground safety that includes fire, flightline and shop safety. Also covered is basic electricity to include Ohm's Law and three common electrical circuits (series, parallel and series-parallel). Block II - Principles of Alternating Current (72 hours) - After an introduction to alternating current, an explanation of AC meters is offered. Next, characteristics and components which are directly employed in AC circuits are studied. These include coils, capacitors, and the analysis of their effect on the circuit. Basic solid state components are studied along with magnetic devices such as amplifiers and transformers. Block III - Technical Orders and Circuit Analysis (58 hours) - Proper use of technical orders including indexes, illustrated parts breakdowns, wiring diagrams and schematics. Also wire construction and its identification system is presented with diagram symbols and their uses. The student will then be taught the use of measuring devices such as voltmeters, ammeters, and ohmmeters. Aircraft lighting circuits and circuitry analysis concludes this block. Block IV - Electrical Hardware (34 hours) - After an introduction to basic handtools and soldering techniques, use of solderless connections (splices and terminals) are presented. The student will then learn about the use and construction of connectors followed by a lesson on safety devices. Block V - Direct Current (DC) Power Systems (76 hours) - Aircraft batteries (lead-acid and nickel-cadmium), DC generators and the entire DC power system. This includes voltage regulators, reverse current relays and the overvoltage protection system. The student will also be taught troubleshooting techniques on the basic system and the distribution of DC power in a typical aircraft. The block concludes with the theory and operation of DC motors and motor actuators. Block VI - Alternating Current (AC) Power Systems (65 hours) - AC generators and their control systems (voltage regulation, distribution and protection system). Also DC power production in an aircraft is discussed. (The C-130E generator system is used as a model.) Inverters and their change-over systems is the last subject taught in this block. Block VII - Aircraft Miscellaneous Systems (50 hours) - Various aircraft electrical systems, such as landing gear control and warning, fire and overheat warning, start and ignition systems for aircraft engines, fuel and the master caution warning systems. System operation and troubleshooting procedures are emphasized. Training is currently conducted in Spanish." (This course is offered at the Inter-American Air Forces Academy.)

68. NCO DEVELOPMENT
20 students Colombia-6; Bolivia-5; Chile-4
	"Designed to introduce cadets to artillery basic combat skills. During the fire support phase of the training, students learn call for fire procedures, fire support planning, reconnaissance, selection and occupation of a position, aiming circle procedures, designed to introduce cadets to basic combat skills. Students learn basic light infantry squad operations, designed to introduce cadets to basic engineer combat. Develops leadership skills required by an NCO who will serve as a squad leader or platoon sergeant. Training focuses on weapons, training management, battle staff planning, counternarcotics operations, and squad and platoon tactics. Additional skills are acquired through training in fire support, leadership, engineer, communications, land navigation and human rights awareness." (This course is offered at the U.S. Army School of the Americas.)

70. MTT BRDG OFFR/FISH EIMET
19 students Panama
	"This five day course is designed to instruct students on proper techniques for effectively enforcing fisheries laws. The course is tailored to specific needs and previous training experience. Classroom subjects include officer interpersonal communication, international law, boarding preparation and boarding procedures, use of force, fishing vessel identification, and inspection of fishing equipment. Practical training includes arrest procedures and boarding exercises. Practical exercises are designed to reinforce classroom instruction by giving each student an opportunity to apply classroom theory in simulated fisheries boarding situations. Class Size: Maximum: 24 students Minimum: 16 students, Materials: The host nation will need to provide the following: � Classroom with desks and chairs of sufficient size for instructing � Moored, unoccupied vessel (20-40 meters) at the site (fishing vessel preferably) � Slide projector, Flip Chart easel � TV/VCR (NTSC or multi-system format) � Chalk board or Magna-Slick board � Gymnasium or covered area suitable for arrest procedures, preferably with gym mats � Administrative support for typing roster and graduation certificates" ("MTT" stands for Mobile Training Team.)

70. PLT INTRMNT FLT PROCEDURE
19 students Dominican Republic-4; Mexico, Peru - 3 each
	"This course prepares pilots for flying in instrument meteorological conditions (IMC) and under instrument flight rules (IFR). Block I - Instrument Flight Techniques and Basic Maneuvers (27 hours) - This unit is primarily designed for the development of aircraft control and performance techniques, cross control, 60-1 rule, and instrument maneuvers. It includes the use of navigational aids such as NDB, VOR, VOR/DME, and TACAN. Also included are the fix-to-fix, DME arc, and holding pattern at and away from the station procedures. Block II - Instrument Approach (27 hours) - This unit begins with an in-depth analysis of aeronautical charts published by the United States Department of Defense. Special emphasis is placed on the techniques and procedures necessary to perform precision and non-precision instrument approaches. Also included are the factors that should be taken into consideration during transition to landing and missed approach. Block III - Flight Simulator Missions (47 hours) - In this unit the flight simulator will be used to carry out instrument maneuvers previously studied in the classroom. Some of these maneuvers include: basic and advance maneuvers, precision and non-precision instrument approaches, transition to landing, and missed approach. In summary, the primary objective of this unit is the application of the theoretical knowledge acquired to instrument flying. Training is currently conducted in Spanish." (This course is offered at the Inter-American Air Forces Academy.)

72. CORROSION CONTROL TECHN
18 students Mexico-8; Ecuador-4; Argentina, Peru - 2 each)
	"Course Summary - This course trains maintenance personnel in fundamental and procedural requirements necessary for the detection, prevention, and treatment of corrosion on Air Force equipment. Subjects covered include characteristics and identification of metals, principles of corrosion control, aircraft wash and inspection, preparation of metal surfaces for corrosion removal, metal treatment and the application of protective coatings on aerospace equipment. Training is currently conducted in Spanish." (This course is offered at the Inter-American Air Forces Academy.)

72. HELICOPTER CREW CHIEF
18 students Mexico-16; Paraguay-2
	"Provides the student with the necessary apprentice level training on how to inspect, service, repair, functionally check system and perform preventive maintenance on helicopter aircraft and related equipment." (This course is offered at the Inter-American Air Forces Academy.)

72. PSYCHOLOGICAL OPERATIONS
18 students Colombia, Venezuela - 4 each; Ecuador, Peru - 2 each
	"Social and behavioral sciences; the PSYOP process; doctrine, organization and employment; PSYOP techniques and procedures; course exercises; contemporary issues and PSYOP." (This course is offered at the U.S. Army School of the Americas.)

75. ACFT MAINTENANCE OFF
17 students Ecuador, Peru - 4 each; Colombia, Venezuela - 2 each
	"This course prepares officers for duties as supervisors of aircraft maintenance activities at wing level. Block I - Orientation and General Subjects (94 hours) - Concepts related to flightline and shop safety, aerodynamics, flight controls, and basic characteristics of flight, construction, inspection, repair and corrosion control of aircraft structures. Student will also receive instruction on aircraft pneudraulics systems, fuel systems, aeromunitions, egress, aerospace ground equipment (AGE), and aircraft weight and balance. Block II - Basic Electricity, Electronic and Avionics Systems (45 hours) - Fundamentals of electricity and electrical systems, fundamentals of electronics, aircraft instruments, and avionics/communication/navigation systems. Block III - Aircraft Engine Systems and Engine Management (14 hours) - Fundamentals of jet engines including fuel, oil, and ignition and a familiarization to engine corrosion control and conditioning. Students will also receive instruction on engine management. Block IV - Management Theory and Concepts (26 hours) - Principles of total quality, to include the functions of human relations statistics as they influence the decision-making process. The students will be presented with the basic concepts of presentations and will be required to brief the class on an aircraft related subject. Block V - Maintenance Staff Agencies and Squadrons (28 hours) - Maintenance staff agencies and responsibilities, maintenance squadron organization, and visits to local maintenance squadron, and C-5 engine depot. Block VI - Logistics Supply System (20 hours) - United States Air Force logistics supply system structure, supply principles, functions and organization, and repair cycle of aircraft parts. Block VII - Technical Order System (61 hours) - The technical order system, to include indexes, manuals, illustrated parts breakdowns and their uses. Training is currently conducted in Spanish." (This course is offered at the Inter-American Air Forces Academy.)

76. ACFT PNEUDRAULICS
16 students Mexico-6; Peru-4; Bolivia, Colombia - 2 each
	"Teaches normal and emergency operations and maintenance of pneudraulic systems, and use of technical publications. Familiarization with maintenance system as applicable to pneudraulic system specialists." (This course is offered at the Inter-American Air Forces Academy.)

76. ACFT POWERTRAIN REP-SPANIS
16 students Mexico-6; Peru-5; Colombia-3
	"Based on tasks that are specified for skill level I training; also covered subjects (Not included in the trainer's guide) considered necessary for student understanding and proficiency in powertrain repair and non-destructive testing skills." (This course is offered at the Inter-American Air Forces Academy.)

76. COMBAT ARM OFF ADV
16 students Dominican Republic-6; Bolivia, Honduras, Mexico - 2 each
	"Officers initially receive foundation-building instruction in the fundamentals of leadership, training management, communications, land navigation and military law. This is followed by extensive study of support operations including intelligence preparation of the battlefield, logistics, combat engineer employment, use of indirect fire and close air support, utilization of PSYOP and civil affairs assets and medical considerations for commanders. Using small group instruction, students then study and plan infantry tactics at the company and battalion level, mechanized and task force operations, military operations in urban terrain (mout), brigade operations, airborne and special operations in low intensity conflict. The course consists of numerous tactical exercises without troops, designed to reinforce the concepts in a tactical environment." (This course is offered at the U.S. Army School of the Americas.)

76. EXEC & FIELD GRADE LEV LOG
16 students Colombia-11; Bolivia, El Salvador, Paraguay, Peru, Uruguay - 1 each
	Not listed.

76. GENERAL MAINT TECH SUPRV
16 students Mexico-8; Ecuador, Uruguay - 3 each
	"Course Objective - This course prepares experienced Senior NCOs (E-7 and above) to perform supervisory duties in a variety of aircraft maintenance specialties. Block I - Technical English (48 hours) - Orientation and an introduction to Technical English grammar and syntax. Block II - The USAF Technical Order System (78 hours) - Purpose, authority, and use of the USAF index system, technical manuals, and illustrated parts breakdown. Block III - USAF Maintenance Organization (50 hours) - Outlines the USAF maintenance organization as contained in AFR 66-1 and 66-5, Maintenance Management, to include organizational structure and specific responsibilities of staff agencies. Supervisors are introduced to the Air Force safety doctrine, concepts and practices relating to flight lie safety operations. The block also covers accident causes and preventive practices. Block IV - Introduction to Weight and Balance (58 hours) - Introduces students to the tremendous importance o knowing the weight and balance concepts of all maintenance operations. Includes mathematical formulas, practical exercises, forms, use of applicable technical data and of the load computer, and familiarization with the weighing scale. Block V - Supervisory Management (49 hours) - Provides students with working knowledge of the principles and techniques of effective personnel management to include: supervisory responsibilities, the management process, effective leadership, individual behavior, human relations, effective communication, problem solving, and counseling. Emphasis is on practical application of new supervisory skills. Block VI - On-the-Job Training (OJT) (30 hours) - Introduces the On-the-Job Training (OJT) Program to supervisors, i.e., the structure of the program, supervisor's responsibilities to OJT, etc. It also familiarizes supervisors on how to plan, conduct, and evaluate training, and the proper documentation of training forms. Training is currently conducted in Spanish." (This course is offered at the Inter-American Air Forces Academy.)

80. ACFT POWERPLANT REP-SPANIS
15 students Mexico-10; Colombia-4; Chile-3
	"Based on tasks that are specified for Skill Level 1 training; also covers subjects (Not included in the trainer's guide) considered necessary for student understanding and proficiency in Powerplant Repair." (This course is offered at the Inter-American Air Forces Academy.)

80. PEACE OPERATIONS
15 students Bolivia-4; Paraguay-3; Costa Rica, Honduras - 2 each
	"Familiarize the student with emerging U.S. doctrine for peace operations. Training will focus on TTP of peace operations to include logistics support, chain of command structures, rules of engagement development, and psychological operations and intelligence capabilities and assets. Further instruction will be conducted in preventive medicine and sanitation for peacekeepers as well as national citizens. Final training will encompass the role of civilian controls on military operations and the varying roles civilian nongovernmental organizations have in supporting" (This course is offered at the U.S. Army School of the Americas.)

82. AEROSPACE GRND EQUIP (AGE)
14 students Mexico-11; Colombia-2; Ecuador-1
	"This course provides selected airmen with the necessary training to perform checks, service inspection, troubleshooting, general maintenance upkeep, and minor repair of powered support equipment, in a safe and productive manner. Specialty Description - (a) Air-Cooled and Diesel Engines - Identify and explain the purpose and function of internal and external air-cooled engine components. Perform operation, troubleshooting, service inspection, and minor repair on fuel and electrical system components. Interpret and perform engine cylinder compression and magneto-to-engine timing test. (b) AC and DC Electric Generator Systems - Identify, locate and explain the function of major DC components on the Hobart. Troubleshoot and repair DC systems. Identify and troubleshoot battery charging circuit and components. Identify, locate and explain the function of major AC components. Troubleshoot AC system using wiring schematics. Use the load bank to determine serviceability of the Hobart, and gas turbine compressor (GTC) generators AC and DC systems. (c) High and Low Air Pressure Compressors - Identify and explain location and function of major components in high and low pressure air compressor and troubleshoot malfunctions in both high and low air pressure systems. Adjust pressure regulator and pressure valves, troubleshoot and repair malfunctions in air flow and electrical systems. Adjust compressor clutch assembly and conduct pre-operation inspections. (d) Hydraulics - Identify and explain the function of major components on a basic hydraulic system. Identify, locate and explain the function of major components on the MT-1-1 hydraulic test stand. Perform pre-operation inspection and operate the MJ-1-1 hydraulic test stand, bomblift. Block I - Fundamentals (48 hours) - A brief explanation of pertinent IAAFA policies and procedures, and instruction on effective study habits, ground safety, and technical orders. Students will also be taught the use and care of hand tools, torque wrenches, safety wiring and soldering techniques. Block II - Basic Electricity (53 hours) - Basic principles of electricity and atomic structure, electrical symbols, principles of voltage, current and resistance, Ohm's Law, how to read resistors and use of the multimeter. Students will apply this knowledge to troubleshoot a basic electric circuit. The student will be taught to interpret wiring diagrams and magnetic principles, direct current (DC) generator principles, and alternating current (AC) generator principles, AC and DC motors. Block III - Motors: Packette and Diesel (63 hours) - The PE 150-6 Packette engine and the Hobart 4-71 diesel engine. Component function, description, and operational fundamentals of the engine will be taught in detail. In addition, the student will be taught the operational fundamentals, maintenance, and troubleshooting techniques of the fuel, lubrication, cooling, electric starting, and ignition systems. They will also learn how to time the magneto to the engine and to perform a cylinder compression test. Block IV - Gas Turbine Compressor Generator (60 hours) - Gas turbine compressor generator set capabilities, service inspection, and how to test it on the load bank. The student will also be taught component location, functions, electric schematic diagrams and troubleshooting. Block V - Hobart Generator Set (42 hours) - Hobart generator set capabilities, service inspection, and how to test it on the load bank. The student will also be taught component location, functions, electric schematic diagrams and troubleshooting. Block VI - Compressor: MC-1A and MC-2A (60 hours) - Principles of basic piston compressors. The description and function of components will be given, air flow diagrams and the oil flow of the MC-24 low pressure air compressor will be taught. Furthermore, the student will be given instruction on the MC-1A high pressure air compressor, description and capabilities, pre-operational inspections and operation that include safety valves, air flow and air cooler, clutch adjustment and purpose. Wiring diagrams and troubleshooting procedures are also part of this instruction block. Block VII - Hydraulic Test Stand MJ-1-1 (53 hours) - Basic hydraulic principles and a basic hydraulic system. Students will be taught the fluid-flow diagram and how to inspect the system. Instruction will also be given on the MJ-1-1 hydraulic test stand, function of components, pre-operation inspection and operation, and electrical diagram. Block VIII - Bomb Lift (42 hours) - Operation and servicing of the MJ-1A bomblift, the prime mover and transmission, hydraulic fluid flow and electrical diagram. Training is currently conducted in Spanish." (This course is offered at the Inter-American Air Forces Academy.)

82. AIR INTELLIGENCE
14 students Argentina-4; Panama-3; Colombia-2
	"This course trains personnel who will perform or assist in the performance of air intelligence analysis duties. The various lectures/discussions are coupled with individual and group presentations and exercises to prepare the students for operational intelligence. Block I - Principles of Intelligence (63 hours) - Students will learn the functions of an operational air intelligence organization to include: establishing the requirements for security, discussing basic Air Force missions within each unit, learning the intelligence process and the intelligence structure or organization; and learning to conduct a wide variety of intelligence briefings. Students will learn the framework of establishing an operational intelligence office." (This course is offered at the Inter-American Air Forces Academy.)

82. ALLIED OFF PREP-INF OAC
14 students Belize, Mexico, Venezuela - 2 each
	"U.S. Army organization and operations; staff organization and procedures; operation order; U.S. military organization and graphic representation; map reading; effective writing and speaking; legal subjects; medical subjects; weapons."

82. INFANTRY CAPTS CAREER CRS
14 students Belize, Mexico, Venezuela - 2 each
	"Combined arms tactics (tactical doctrine and company, battalion task force, special, military police, artillery, engineer, NBC, and Air Force operations); staff subjects (personnel, intelligence, logistics, and training management); general subjects (command subjects (leadership, management, and decision making), history and communicative skills, land navigation, legal subjects, medical subjects, and physical training); communications/electronics; maintenace management; and weapons."

82. IP INSTRMNT FLT PROCEDURES
14 students Mexico-3; Argentina, Bolivia, Colombia, Ecuador - 2 each
	"This course is designed to prepare pilots with experience in instrument flying on the instructional procedures and techniques necessary to perform instructor duties. Block I - Instructional Concepts and Techniques (31 hours) - This unit is designed primarily to develop instructional techniques related to the control and performance of the aircraft, cross control, 60-1 rule, and instrument maneuvers. It includes the use of navigational aids such as NDB, VOR, VOR/DME, and TACAN. The necessary maneuvers are also included to carry out fix-to-fix, DME arc, and holding pattern procedures at and away from the station. Block II - Instrument Approach (27 hours) - This unit begins with a deep analysis of aeronautical charts published by the United States' Department of Defense. The required instructional techniques and procedures are emphasized in order to carry out precision and non-precision instrument approaches. Also included are the factors that should be taken into consideration during the transition to landing and missing approached. Block III - Flight Simulator Missions (57 hours) - In this unit the flight simulator will be used to carry out instrument maneuvers previously studied in the classroom. The application of instructional techniques required for each maneuver will be also taken into consideration. Some of the maneuvers include: basic and advanced maneuvers, precision and non-precision instrument approaches, transition to landing, and missed approaches. In summary, the primary objective of this unit is the successful application of the knowledge acquired during instruction to instrument flying. Training is currently conducted in Spanish." (This course is offered at the Inter-American Air Forces Academy.)

82. OJT 133' HOT SHIP TRANSFER
14 students Dominican Republic
	"The purpose of this on-the-job training (OJT) program is to provide practical, performance-based training on board a 133' vessel that has been identified for transfer to a nation. This OJT will usually be conducted by the departing crew on board the vessel to be conveyed. In some cases, formal course instruction may be required prior to acceptance of this OJT so that the student will be able to perform safely and effectively in the shipboard environment. However, please note that this OJT is for the purpose of 'transition' and is not intended to 'qualify' the student. The duration will vary based upon the experience level of the receiving crew, but is usually 1-3 weeks. All Coast Guard OJT is provided on an unclassified basis."

88. INTERNATIONAL DEF MGT CRS
13 students Mexico-4; Chile, Colombia - 2 each
	"To develop greater understanding of the environment, concepts, applications, and techniques of modern management of particular relevance to defense management; present the concepts of defense management systems as they apply to planning, implementation, operations, and information; provide an opportunity to the participants to examine these concepts and techniques with respect to their usefulness in the countries of the participants and in multi-national security management; and, present useful concepts and techniques in special management fields of particular concern to the management responsibilities of the participants."

88. SAPPER
13 students Colombia-8; Peru-2; Bolivia, Ecuador, Venezuela - 1 each
	"Enhances the students' abilities to employ and breach obstacles, detect and neutralize minefields and booby traps, employ engineer assets in support of base defensive operations, upgrade physical security at fixed installations, use demolitions in support of narcotics interdiction operations and perform engineer assault missions. Phase one of the training focuses on general skills such as land navigation, communications and combat lifesaving measures. Phase two consists of conventional and improvised demolitions, obstacle construction and breaching, military operations in urban terrain and booby trap detection and destruction. Phase three consists of engineer battle drills and situational training exercises designed to evaluate the students' abilities to perform sapper missions in tactical scenarios." (This course is offered at the U.S. Army School of the Americas.)

88. TECH TRAINING INSTRUCTOR
13 students Mexico-8; Costa Rica-3; Colombia-2
	"Course Objective - This course prepares experienced officers (excluding pilots) or NCOs to perform instructor duties in their specialty. Pilots requiring preparation for instrument pilot instructor duties should be enrolled in the Instructor Pilot Instrument Procedures course, MASL D-121065. Block I - Fundamentals of Teaching (48 hours) - Basic instructional techniques and communicative skills. The developmental approach to academic instruction, instructional aids, and questioning techniques. Students will prepare one presentation as part of this course. Block II - Curriculum Development (40 hours) - Techniques learned in Block I are applied to the instructional system development process, and to developing criterion objectives and measurements. Students will prepare one presentation as part of this course. Block III - Practice Teaching (126 hours) - Designed for maximum student participation. Skills learned in Block I and II are used to prepare and present four presentations, two informal lectures, one demonstration/performance lecture, and one final lecture of the choice of the student, with the approval of the instructor. This block also includes test administration and student administration. Training is currently conducted in Spanish." (This course is offered at the Inter-American Air Forces Academy.)

88. UH-1H HELO MECH
13 students Mexico-10; Uruguay-2; Argentina-1
	"Designed to provide the helicopter crew chief with a higher degree of training on the airframe and systems with emphasis on those tasks which relate to the maintenance supervisor such as safety awareness in the work center and troubleshooting of most common helicopter anomalies, overhaul techniques of main components, engine adjustments, flight control rigging and an in-depth study of helicopter vibrations and how to alleviate with usage of the stobex/vibrex equipment." (The acronym stands for "UH-1H 'Huey' Helicopter Mechanic." )

92. ADVANCED PRIME MOVERS
12 students Mexico-10; Peru-2
	"This course teaches students the skills and knowledge needed to perform checks, service inspections, troubleshooting, advanced maintenance upkeep, tune-ups and repair on Gasoline, Diesel, and Gas Turbine Engines that are used in AGE equipment Training is currently conducted in Spanish." (This course is offered at the Inter-American Air Forces Academy.)

92. BATTLE STAFF OPERATIONS
12 students Colombia, Mexico - 4 each; Bolivia-2
	"The students will learn to function as various members of a battle staff at battalion and brigade level. Focal point is the decision making process. Staffs conduct intelligence preparation of the battle field (IPB), prepare personnel, logistics and civil military operations estimates, develop courses of action, write orders and annexes and coordinate the execution of command decisions." (This course is offered at the U.S. Army School of the Americas.)

92. COMBINED LOG OFF ADV
12 students Mexico-5; Venezuela-3; Belize, Brazil - 2 each
	"Training/instruction to equip the student with skills and knowledge to perform duties as a company commander in a specific branch as well as a staff officer on a multifunctional logistic staff. Phase 1 offers a common core curriculum in written and oral communications, commander skills and military history."

92. CONTR GUN MNT5/54MK42/9-10
12 students Mexico
	"Theory of operation, troubleshooting procedures, PMS requirements, live fire exercises, ordnance handling safety precautions, and applicable safety precautions for the 5/54 MK-45 Gun Mount."

92. DLI ENGLISH LANGUAGE TEXT
12 students Nicaragua
	"Instructors, trainers, training aids, and operational equipment that formal schools send to bases or operating locations in support of subject training."

92. ENGINEERING COMMON CORE
12 students Mexico
	"This course is designed to cover basic topics that are common to all engineers regardless of rate."

92. IERW-MEXICO HELO PILOT
12 students Mexico
	"This course is designed to provide the student with the necessary skills and knowledge leading to qualification as a pilot in the UH-1, with night, instrument and combat skills training."

92. LANGUAGE INSTRUCTOR/BASIC
12 students Bolivia-4; Mexico-4; Venezuela-2
	"This course is designed to prepare host-country military and civilian employees who are non-native speakers to English to teach the American Language Course (ALC) in their countries. Primary course objectives include the improvement of the instructor trainees' English language skills. The trainees receive practice in advanced listening, speaking, and reading skills with special emphasis on writing skills. The course includes a practical review of grammar, basic phonology concepts, speaking, and writing activities, and readings on American culture. Another main objective of the course is to teach instructor trainees how to teach American English using the General English materials of the ALC. This portion of the course introduces the instructor trainee to the ALC materials providing them with instructional techniques to effectively teach the materials. The course provides instructor trainees with opportunities for peer-teaching portions of the ALC and observing actual classes in the General English Section of DLIELC."

92. MTT OUTBOARD MTR MAINT CG9
12 students Nicaragua
	"This course teaches basic preventative maintenance and advanced troubleshooting techniques for outboard boat motors. Students will receive classroom instruction as well as practical experience on the host country's outboard motors. This course is designed for Outboard Motor Corporation (OMC) outboard motors. However, it can be modified to include other engine manufacturers. Class Size: Maximum: 20 students Minimum: 12 students" ("MTT" stands for Mobile Training Team.)

92. MTT SMALL BOAT OPS CG11
12 students Nicaragua
	"This course familiarizes students with procedures to be followed for the safe and effective operation of small boats (less than 50 ft./15m. Length). Course contents will be tailored to meet requesting county's needs and desires. Possible course topics include coxswain skills, navigation, deck seamanship, marlinespike seamanship, navigation rules, towing, fire-fighting, riverine operations, and engineering casualty control." ("MTT" stands for Mobile Training Team.)

92. NCO TRAINING MANAGEMENT
12 students Colombia-7; Argentina-5
	"Comprehensive training in planning, conducting and evaluating individual and collective training. Students are introduced to the use of wargames as instructional aids." (This course is offered at the U.S. Army School of the Americas.)

92. UH-1 HELO RPR SPV BNCOC-SP
12 students Mexico-6; Colombia-3; Argentina, Paraguay, Venezuela - 1 each
	"Technical training in the aircraft maintenance management field is oriented toward developing skills and knowledge of aircraft maintenance management principles and procedures. The student is provided with the training required to successfully perform the supervisory and technical inspector (TI) duties required of MOS 67N30."

Top 100 Military and Police Training Courses Offered to Latin American Students, 1999

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A project of the Latin America Working Group Education Fund in cooperation with the Center for International Policy and the Washington Office on Latin America

Project Staff Adam Isacson (Senior Associate CIP isacson@ciponline.org) Lisa Haugaard (LAWGEF Executive Director lisah@lawg.org)
Joy Olson (WOLA Executive Director jolson@WOLA.org)

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